高中 | 细节题 题目答案及解析
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细节题
Beneath its icy surface, the Antarctic Ocean—a vast and remote wilderness—houses a hidden world of microscopic life, including clouds of krill (磷虾). These tiny creatures, just a few inches long, are among the most plentiful and important animals on Earth.
Rod Downie, chief polar adviser at WWF-U.K., describes Antarctic krill as the “superheroes of the Southern Ocean”. They serve as a critical food source for marine wildlife, including whales, penguins, seals, and seabirds. They feed on microscopic plants in sea ice, which absorb CO2, and are in turn eaten by whales. When whales release waste, it fertilizes marine plants that help cool the planet. However, the unsustainable fishing of krill could disturb this cycle.
Downie says, “We urgently need to protect krill habitats within a network of marine protected areas. This project could give us a new tool to help monitor and safeguard this vital species.”
But monitoring these organisms presents a grand challenge for scientists. Traditional methods, such as ship-based surveys and sampling, are time-consuming, expensive, and geographically limited. Scientists are using slight differences in seawater colour to count Antarctic krill from space. Dr. Cait McCarry, a researcher from the University of Strathclyde, recently returned from Antarctica, where she conducted experiments to measure this effect. She explained, “We start with seawater, then add a krill and measure how much light the water absorbs. Then we add another krill and take another measurement.” This process helps scientists understand how krill concentration affects ocean colour, enabling them to track krill populations from space.
The technology isn’t without its limitations. Factors such as cloud cover, sea ice, and variations in water clarity can affect the accuracy of satellite measurements. Furthermore, while satellite data provides information about the overall biomass, it doesn’t provide detailed information on the species composition or the health of individual organisms. And in such cases, field studies, with its unique capacity for on-the-ground investigation, are ready to assume an essential role for a more comprehensive understanding.
From the seemingly insignificant variations in seawater color to the complex interplay of life within the Antarctic food web, scientists continue to reveal the complicated workings of this vital ecosystem. Their dedication and the innovative tools they employ offer hope for a future where we can better understand and protect the wonders of our planet.
Krill are described as “superheroes of the Southern Ocean” because .
they provide an essential monitoring method
","their vast species dominate the Antarctic Ocean
","they regulate the temperature of Earth in a certain way
","their movements indicate ocean temperatures precisely
"]细节理解题。根据第二段 “They serve as a critical food source for marine wildlife, including whales, penguins, seals, and seabirds. They feed on microscopic plants in sea ice, which absorb CO2, and are in turn eaten by whales. When whales release waste, it fertilizes marine plants that help cool the planet. (它们是包括鲸鱼、企鹅、海豹和海鸟等海洋野生动物的重要食物来源。它们以海冰中的微小植物为食，这些植物吸收二氧化碳，而它们又反过来被鲸鱼吃掉。当鲸鱼排出粪便时，它会给海洋植物施肥，帮助地球降温。)” 可知，磷虾被称为 “南大洋超级英雄” 是因为它们以某种方式调节了地球的温度。故选C。
It can be concluded that .
light absorption changes with krill concentration
","krill’s waste helps plants absorb CO2 more efficiently
","the species of deep-sea plants are enriched due to krill
","krill are mainly threatened by natural hunters like whales
"]推理判断题。根据第四段 “She explained, ‘We start with seawater, then add a krill and measure how much light the water absorbs. Then we add another krill and take another measurement.’ This process helps scientists understand how krill concentration affects ocean colour, enabling them to track krill populations from space. (她解释说：‘我们从海水开始，然后加入一只磷虾并测量水吸收了多少光。然后我们再加入一只磷虾并进行另一次测量。’ 这个过程帮助科学家了解磷虾浓度如何影响海洋颜色，使他们能够从太空追踪磷虾的数量。)” 可推知，光的吸收随着磷虾浓度的变化而变化。故选A。
What can be inferred from the passage?
Oceanic research centers around marine life’s complex interactions.
","Though minor now, water color changes promise future discoveries.
","Given overfishing, greater emphasis should be laid on the composition of krill species.
","A full understanding of krill requires integration of satellite monitoring and field studies.
"]推理判断题。根据第四段 “Scientists are using slight differences in seawater colour to count Antarctic krill from space. (科学家们正在利用海水颜色的细微差异从太空计算南极磷虾的数量。)” 以及第五段 “Factors such as cloud cover, sea ice, and variations in water clarity can affect the accuracy of satellite measurements. Furthermore, while satellite data provides information about the overall biomass, it doesn’t provide detailed information on the species composition or the health of individual organisms. And in such cases, field studies, with its unique capacity for on-the-ground investigation, are ready to assume an essential role for a more comprehensive understanding. (云层覆盖、海冰和水的清澈度等因素会影响卫星测量的准确性。此外，虽然卫星数据提供了关于总体生物量的信息，但它没有提供关于物种组成或个体生物健康的详细信息。在这种情况下，实地研究凭借其独特的实地调查能力，准备在更全面的了解中发挥重要作用。)” 可推知，要全面了解磷虾，需要将卫星监测和实地研究相结合。故选D。
What is the passage mainly about?
The urgency and challenges of studying krill.
","The development of new methods to study krill.
","The role of krill in the ecosystem and efforts to monitor them.
","The impact of human activities on krill and ways to counter it.
"]主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章前两介绍了磷虾在南极海洋生态系统中作为重要食物来源，以及它们在调节地球温度方面的作用；后面几段讲述了科学家面临监测磷虾的挑战，采用了利用海水颜色从太空监测磷虾的新技术，同时也指出了该技术的局限性，以及实地研究的重要性。选项 C “磷虾在生态系统中的作用以及监测它们的努力。” 能概括文章的大意。故选C。
高中 | 细节题题目答案及解析（完整版）
