高中 | 个人情况 题目答案及解析
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高中 | 个人情况题目答案及解析如下，仅供参考！
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个人情况
Many people associate their self-worth with their work. The more successful their career, the better they feel about themselves. Work-related self-esteem is therefore a worthy ideal to pursue with vigor, right? Well, not always. According to recent research, in which psychologists interviewed 370 full-time workers over a period of three weeks, the reality is a little more complicated. And it involves negative as well as positive consequences.
It’s natural to be drawn towards pleasure and to step away from pain. In the workplace, if that pleasure comes from a triumph which swells (使……膨胀) our self-respect, people will try to repeat that accomplishment. But repeating that accomplishment is often not realistic, which can lead to severe negative emotional consequences when it doesn’t reoccur. This form of motivation is widely regarded as a negative type of motivation. It can hinder other more positive motivation types, such as completing a task purely because it’s fulfilling or enjoyable.
What consumes the employees instead is a pressing need to feel mighty and sure of themselves. They then take on only tasks and objectives which serve that ego-driven need. As a result, to avoid feelings of shame and worthlessness associated with failure, they extend themselves to such a degree that there’s a subsequent adverse effect on their well-being. This internal pressure to succeed at all costs demands a lot of effort. It depletes their energy, culminating (以……告终) in disproportionate levels of damaging sentiment.
Those negative emotions mount into heightened anxiety, impacting their ability to make the most of their personal life. Their desire to avoid feeling inferior ends up making them feel inferior when it comes to their diminished (减弱的) capacity for friendship and leisure. They end up dissatisfied both at work and outside of it.
But thankfully, for those people compelled almost entirely by this specific form of motivation, the news isn’t all bad, or bad at all. The study also discovered several positive outcomes that can actually outweigh the harmful ones. Though these types of employees are motivated by the desire to avoid negative consequences, they are also motivated by the excitement of pursuing emotional rewards. This excitement makes pursuing goals enjoyable and stimulates pleasure and pride that would result from success. An effect of the positive motivation is that it neutralizes the existence of negative motivation.
Sure, it affects people’s personal lives to an unhealthy extent, because leisure activities are often seen as a part of life that must be sacrificed to manage work and family demands. However, the way people feel about their work has less to do with whether they’re motivated by the preservation of self-esteem but more with the fact that they’re simply motivated.
What does the author say about the pursuit of work-related self-esteem?
It may result in negative motivation.
","It contributes to one’s accomplishments.
","It can increase one’s vigor as one keeps trying.
","It costs too much emotionally and psychologically.
"]细节理解题。根据第二段 “But repeating that accomplishment is often not realistic, which can lead to severe negative emotional consequences when it doesn’t reoccur. This form of motivation is widely regarded as a negative type of motivation. It can hinder other more positive motivation types, such as completing a task purely because it’s fulfilling or enjoyable. (但重复这种成就往往并不现实，当它不再出现时，就会导致严重的负面情绪后果。这种形式的动机被广泛认为是一种消极的动机类型。它可能会阻碍其他更积极的动机类型，比如仅仅因为任务具有满足感或趣味性而完成它.)” 可知，追求与工作相关的自尊可能会导致消极的激励效果。故选A。
What do employees tend to do in pursuing work-related self-esteem?
Take on tasks well beyond their actual capabilities.
","Strive to succeed at the expense of their well-being.
","Turn to all means regardless of the consequences.
","Stretch their sense of shame and worthlessness.
"]细节理解题。根据第三段 “As a result, to avoid feelings of shame and worthlessness associated with failure, they extend themselves to such a degree that there’s a subsequent adverse effect on their well-being. This internal pressure to succeed at all costs demands a lot of effort. It depletes their energy, culminating (以……告终) in disproportionate levels of damaging sentiment. (因此，为了避免因失败而产生的羞愧和无价值感，他们会竭尽全力去追求成功，但这种过度的努力最终会对他们的身心健康产生不利影响。这种不惜一切代价追求成功的内在压力需要付出大量的努力。它会消耗他们的精力，最终导致过度负面的情绪反应。)” 可知，员工在追求与工作相关的自尊时，通常为了追求成功而不惜牺牲自身的幸福。故选B。
What do we learn about people over-concerned with work-related self-esteem?
They may often feel inferior to their colleagues.
","They cannot enjoy their personal life to the full.
","They are never satisfied with their achievements.
","They have their own view of friendship and leisure.
"]细节理解题。根据第四段 “Those negative emotions mount into heightened anxiety, impacting their ability to make the most of their personal life. Their desire to avoid feeling inferior ends up making them feel inferior when it comes to their diminished (减弱的) capacity for friendship and leisure. (那些负面情绪逐渐演变成强烈的焦虑，影响了他们充分利用个人生活的能力。他们试图避免感到自卑的愿望，最终却导致他们在社交和休闲方面的能力下降时，反而更加感到自卑。)” 可知，对于那些过分在意与工作相关的自尊心的人无法充分享受个人生活。故选B。
What is the good news we learn from the recent research?
The pursuit of goals may turn out to be enjoyable and pleasant.
","The emotional rewards from goal pursuit are worth the pains taken.
","The negative consequences of goal pursuit can mostly be avoided.
","The goal of swelling self-esteem can be achieved if one keeps trying.
"]细节理解题。根据倒数第二段 “This excitement makes pursuing goals enjoyable and stimulates pleasure and pride that would result from success. An effect of the positive motivation is that it neutralizes the existence of negative motivation. (这种兴奋感使得追求目标的过程变得充满乐趣，并能激发因成功而产生的喜悦和自豪之情。这种积极的激励作用还意味着它能够消除消极动机的存在。)” 可知，对目标的追求可能会变得既有趣又令人愉快。故选A。
高中 | 个人情况题目答案及解析（完整版）
