英语四六级 | 四级阅读-仔细阅读 题目答案及解析
稿件来源：高途
英语四六级 | 四级阅读-仔细阅读题目答案及解析如下，仅供参考！
四级阅读
四级阅读-仔细阅读
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
With obesity now affecting 29% of the population in England, and expected to rise to 35% by 2030, should we now recognise it as a disease? Obesity, in which excess body fat has accumulated to such an extent that health may be adversely affected, meets the dictionary definition of disease, argues Professor John Wilding. He points out that more than 200 genes influence weight. “Thus body weight is strongly influenced by biology—it is not an individual’s fault if they develop obesity.” Yet the widespread view is that obesity is self-induced and that it is entirely the individual’s responsibility to do something about it. Recognising obesity as a chronic disease with severe complications rather than a lifestyle choice “should help reduce the stigma (耻辱) and discrimination experienced by many people with obesity,” he adds.
Professor Wilding disagrees that labelling a high proportion of the population as having a disease removes personal responsibility or may overwhelm health services, pointing out that other common diseases, such as high blood pressure and diabetes, require people to take action to manage their condition. He suggests that most people with obesity will eventually develop complications. “But unless we accept that obesity is a disease, we are not going to be able to tackle it,” he concludes.
But Dr. Richard Pile, a physician with a special interest in diabetes, argues that adopting this approach “could actually result in worse outcomes for individuals and society.” He believes that the dictionary definition of disease “is so vague that we can classify almost anything as a disease” and says the question is not whether we can, but whether we should, and to what end.
If labelling obesity as a disease was harmless then it wouldn’t really matter, he writes. But labelling obesity as a disease “risks reducing autonomy, disempowering and robbing people of the intrinsic (内在的) motivation that is such an important enabler of change.” What’s more, making obesity a disease “may not benefit patients, but it will benefit healthcare providers and the pharmaceutical (制药的) industry when health insurance and clinical guidelines promote treatment with drugs and surgery,” he warns.
46. What does Professor John Wilding argue about obesity?
Its impact on society is expected to rise.
","It is now too widespread to be neglected.
","It should be regarded as a genetic disease.
","Its dictionary definition should be updated.
"]解析：C。由题干中的Professor John Wilding和obesity可定位至原文前两段。首段提到，约翰•怀尔丁教授称，肥胖是指体内多余的脂肪积累到了对健康造成不利影响的程度，符合字典中对疾病的定义。有200多种基因都会影响体重。第2段最后也提到，怀尔丁教授认为，除非我们承认肥胖是一种疾病，否则我们将无法解决它。由此可知，怀尔丁教授认为肥胖应该被视为一种基因性疾病，故C项正确。
错项排除：A项利用文章第1句进行干扰，但原文说的是肥胖人数会增加，并没有提到对社会的影响，故A项错误。B项并不是怀尔丁教授的主张，故排除。D项的updated一词在原文中没有依据，故错误。
47. What is the popular view of obesity?
It is difficult to define.
","It is a modern disease.
","It has much to do with one’s genes.
","It results from a lack of self-control.
"]解析：D。由题干中的popular view可定位至文章首段第5句。然而，普遍的观点是，肥胖是自己造成的，如何应对完全是个人的责任。由此可知，对于肥胖普遍的看法是它由缺乏自控力所致，故D项正确。
错项排除：文章首段第2句明确解释了肥胖的定义，所以界定肥胖并不困难，故A项错误。B项在文中无依据，故排除。C项利用genes进行干扰，但原文说的是怀尔丁教授认为肥胖和基因有关，这并不是大众的普遍观点，故C项错误。
48. Why are some people opposed to labelling obesity as a disease?
Obese people would not feel responsible to take any action.
","Obese people would not be able to afford the medical costs.
","Obese people would be overwhelmed with anxiety.
","Obese people would be discriminated against.
"]解析：A。由题干中的opposed to labelling obesity as a disease可定位至原文第2段第1句。怀尔丁教授不认同将高比例的人口贴上疾病标签会免除个人责任，或者可能使公共医疗服务不堪重负的观点。由此可知，有些人反对将肥胖贴上疾病的标签，是因为此举会导致肥胖人士不再认为自己有责任采取行动来控制肥胖，故A项正确。
错项排除：B、C两项中的medical costs和anxiety在原文没有依据，故均可排除。D项利用discriminated进行干扰，首段最后1句说的是怀尔丁教授的观点，他支持将肥胖视为一种疾病，但并非题干所问，故D项错误。
49. What does Dr. Richard Pile think of the dictionary definition of disease?
It is of no use in understanding obesity.
","It is too inclusive and thus lacks clarity.
","It helps little to solve patients’ problems.
","It matters little to the debate over obesity.
"]解析：B。由题干中的Dr. Richard Pile和dictionary definition of disease可定位至原文第3段第2句。他认为，字典上对疾病的定义“过于模糊，以至于我们几乎可以将任何事物归类为疾病”。由此可知，理查德·派尔医生认为字典中对于疾病的定义过于笼统，不够清晰，故B项正确。
错项排除：A项中的no use在文中没有依据，故排除。第3段第1句提到，理查德·派尔医生认为，采用这种方法“实际上可能会对个人和社会造成更糟糕的后果”。这种方法指的是给肥胖贴上疾病的标签，并不是题干所问的字典中对疾病的解释，故C项错误。D项debate一词在文中并没有体现，故排除。
50. What is Dr. Richard Pile’s concern about classifying obesity as a disease?
It may affect obese people’s quality of life.
","It may accelerate the spread of obesity.
","It may cause a shortage of doctors.
","It may do little good to patients.
"]解析：D。由题干中Dr. Richard Pile’s concern和classifying obesity as a disease可定位至原文第4段。如果将肥胖列为一种疾病是无害的，那其实也无关紧要。但是，把肥胖贴上“疾病”的标签“可能会降低人们的自主性、削弱并剥夺人们的内在动力，而这种动力是促使人们做出改变的重要因素。”最后1句还提到，将肥胖当成一种疾病“可能不会使患者受益”。由此可知，理查德·派尔医生担忧将肥胖归为一种疾病并不会对患者有什么益处，故D项正确。
错项排除：A项中的people’s quality of life、B项中的accelerate the spread of obesity和C项中的shortage of doctors在原文均未提及，故排除。
英语四六级 | 四级阅读-仔细阅读题目答案及解析（完整版）
英语四六级 | 四级阅读-仔细阅读 题目答案及解析
稿件来源：高途
英语四六级 | 四级阅读-仔细阅读题目答案及解析如下，仅供参考！
四级阅读
四级阅读-仔细阅读
1、Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
With obesity now affecting 29% of the population in England, and expected to rise to 35% by 2030, should we now recognise it as a disease? Obesity, in which excess body fat has accumulated to such an extent that health may be adversely affected, meets the dictionary definition of disease, argues Professor John Wilding. He points out that more than 200 genes influence weight. “Thus body weight is strongly influenced by biology—it is not an individual’s fault if they develop obesity.” Yet the widespread view is that obesity is self-induced and that it is entirely the individual’s responsibility to do something about it. Recognising obesity as a chronic disease with severe complications rather than a lifestyle choice “should help reduce the stigma (耻辱) and discrimination experienced by many people with obesity,” he adds.
Professor Wilding disagrees that labelling a high proportion of the population as having a disease removes personal responsibility or may overwhelm health services, pointing out that other common diseases, such as high blood pressure and diabetes, require people to take action to manage their condition. He suggests that most people with obesity will eventually develop complications. “But unless we accept that obesity is a disease, we are not going to be able to tackle it,” he concludes.
But Dr. Richard Pile, a physician with a special interest in diabetes, argues that adopting this approach “could actually result in worse outcomes for individuals and society.” He believes that the dictionary definition of disease “is so vague that we can classify almost anything as a disease” and says the question is not whether we can, but whether we should, and to what end.
If labelling obesity as a disease was harmless then it wouldn’t really matter, he writes. But labelling obesity as a disease “risks reducing autonomy, disempowering and robbing people of the intrinsic (内在的) motivation that is such an important enabler of change.” What’s more, making obesity a disease “may not benefit patients, but it will benefit healthcare providers and the pharmaceutical (制药的) industry when health insurance and clinical guidelines promote treatment with drugs and surgery,” he warns.
1.1、46. What does Professor John Wilding argue about obesity?
Its impact on society is expected to rise.
It is now too widespread to be neglected.
It should be regarded as a genetic disease.
Its dictionary definition should be updated.
1.2、47. What is the popular view of obesity?
It is difficult to define.
It is a modern disease.
It has much to do with one’s genes.
It results from a lack of self-control.
1.3、48. Why are some people opposed to labelling obesity as a disease?
Obese people would not feel responsible to take any action.
Obese people would not be able to afford the medical costs.
Obese people would be overwhelmed with anxiety.
Obese people would be discriminated against.
1.4、49. What does Dr. Richard Pile think of the dictionary definition of disease?
It is of no use in understanding obesity.
It is too inclusive and thus lacks clarity.
It helps little to solve patients’ problems.
It matters little to the debate over obesity.
1.5、50. What is Dr. Richard Pile’s concern about classifying obesity as a disease?
It may affect obese people’s quality of life.
It may accelerate the spread of obesity.
It may cause a shortage of doctors.
It may do little good to patients.
英语四六级 | 四级阅读-仔细阅读题目答案及解析（完整版）
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Passage Two
Passage One
Passage Two
Passage Two
Passage One
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
